Sono passati ormai nove anni dalla sconfitta delle Tigri Tamil da parte dell’esercito governativo nel Nord dello Sri Lanka. Così quando il signor Kumarasoorya, il mio compagno di viaggio, si volta verso di me sul traghetto che si avvicina a Delft e sussurra «Sulla nostra isola ci sono ancora i paramilitari», resto piuttosto stupito. «Ci sono ancora le Tigri Tamil qui a Delft?», domando. «No, sono state annientate», risponde Kumarasoorya, continuando a guardarsi in giro con circospezione. «Sono quelli dell’Epdp [Partito Democratico del Popolo dell’Eelam]. Vogliono anche loro uno Stato Tamil e stanno occupando la casa di mia sorella senza pagare l’affitto».
Le radici del radicalismo tamil nello Sri Lanka risalgono al 1948, con l’indipendenza di Ceylon (l’antico nome dell’isola) dai britannici, in parallelo alla crescita del sentimento nazionalista nella maggioranza singalese e buddhista che avrebbe portato a politiche discriminatorie verso la minoranza tamil, di religione induista, che vive soprattutto nel Nord e nell’Est del paese.
Nel 1983, dopo un sanguinoso moto popolare culminato in devastazioni e massacri contro i Tamil in tutta l’isola, le Tigri della Liberazione del Tamil Eelam (dette “Tigri Tamil”) contrattaccarono con una violenta campagna terroristica, caratterizzata da attentati suicidi. Di fatto, crearono uno Stato tamil all’estremo nord dello Sri Lanka. Questo sopravvisse fino alla massiccia offensiva militare governativa del 2006-2009, che sgominò le Tigri Tamil e portò all’uccisione del loro stravagante leader, Velupillai Prabhakaran.
Da quella brutale campagna, che ha provocato 40 mila morti tra i Tamil, tutto il Nord giace in rovina. Dopo trent’anni di esilio volontario nel Regno Unito per sfuggire agli scontri, il signor Kumarasooriya è tornato a Delft – isoletta tropicale baciata da una dolce brezza marina – per contribuire alla sua ricostruzione.
Come prescrive la tradizionale ospitalità tamil di cui godrò per tutta la mia settimana di permanenza sulla Penisola di Jaffna, Kumarasooriya cambia i suoi piani per accompagnarmi in giro per Delft in tuk-tuk.
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