Side effects of clavulanic acid
Circulatory system: dyspepsia, impaired liver function, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, pseudomembranous colitis (in some cases); allergic reactions: in some cases – Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, Quincke’s edema, urticaria, anaphylactic shock; others: candidiasis (in some cases).
Contraindications and side effects
Like all antibacterial agents, Augmentin has various contraindications. The drug is not used in the treatment of patients with severe diseases of the liver and organs of the urinary system. Such pathologies provoke the accumulation of active substances in the human body, which can cause an overdose of Augmentin. Contraindications of the drug also include:
- individual sensitivity to amoxicillin trihydrate or clavulanic acid, as well as auxiliary ingredients in tablets and suspensions;
- mononucleosis of infectious etiology.
There is no evidence base for the manifestation of the teratogenic effect of Augmentin, since there have been no relevant clinical trials. Both amoxicillin trihydrate and clavulanic acid are able to penetrate the placental barrier. But low toxicity and a wide spectrum of action of the drug are taken into account when prescribing an antibacterial agent to pregnant and lactating women. Augmentin online therapy in these cases is carried out under strict medical supervision..
Neglect of medical recommendations or use of the drug without prescribing a doctor causes side effects:
- allergic rashes like hives;
- peristalsis disorders – diarrhea or constipation;
- excessive flatulence, bloating, nausea and vomiting.
To reduce the severity of side effects of Augmentin in adults and children, doctors prescribe the simultaneous administration of eubiotics containing lactobacilli – Lactobacterin, Linex, Acipol.
Tip: “If side effects develop, you must stop taking the drug and consult your doctor. He will adjust the dosage or replace Augmentin with another means “.
Indications for use
Instructions for use must be strictly observed. Indications for use can be:
- Bacterial infections
- Bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess
- Infectious diseases of the ENT organs
- Diseases of the genitourinary system and pelvic organs (pyelitis, urethritis, prostatitis, salpingitis, endomeritis, bacterial vaginitis, sepsis, septic abortions, gonorrhea, etc.)
- Soft tissue and skin infections
- Postoperative infections.
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration, both components are rapidly absorbed in the digestive tract. http://www.runnersworld.com/news/a20797625/fda-warns-of-tendon-damage-linked-to-antibiotics/ Simultaneous ingestion does not affect absorption. TCmax – 45 minutes After oral administration at a dose of 250/125 mg every 8 hours, Cmax of amoxicillin – 2.18-4.5 μg / ml, clavulanic acid – 0.8-2.2 μg / ml, at a dose of 500/125 mg every 12 hours of Cmax amoxicillin – 5.09-7.91 μg / ml , clavulanic acid – 1.19-2.41 μg / ml, at a dose of 500/125 mg every 8 hours Cmax of amoxicillin – 4.94-9.46 μg / ml, clavulanic acid – 1.57-3.23 μg / ml, at a dose of 875/125 mg Cmax of amoxicillin – 8.82 -14.38 μg / ml, clavulanic acid – 1.21-3.19 μg / ml.
After iv administration in doses of 1000/200 mg and 500/100 mg Cmax of amoxicillin – 105.4 and 32.2 μg / ml, respectively, and clavulanic acid – 28.5 and 10.5 μg / ml.
The time to reach the maximum inhibitory concentration of 1 μg / ml for amoxicillin is similar when used after 12 hours and 8 hours in both adults and children. Binding to plasma proteins: amoxicillin – 17-20%, clavulanic acid – 22-30%. Metabolize both components in the liver: amoxicillin – by 10% of the administered dose, clavulanic acid – by 50%. T1 / 2 after taking a dose of 375 and 625 mg – 1 and 1.3 hours for amoxicillin, 1.2 and 0.8 hours for clavulanic acid, respectively . T1 / 2 after iv administration at a dose of 1200 and 600 mg – 0.9 and 1.07 h for amoxicillin, 0.9 and 1.12 h for clavulanic acid, respectively. It is excreted mainly by the kidneys (glomerular filtration and tubular secretion): 50-78 and 25-40% of the administered dose of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted, respectively, unchanged for the first 6 hours after administration.
